HTML entities are codes used to display reserved characters or symbols that cannot be typed directly. Every entity has a numeric form (&#number;) and most have a named form (&name;). Use these when you need special characters in HTML that might otherwise be interpreted as code.
Essential Reserved Characters
These characters have special meaning in HTML and must be escaped.
| Character | Entity Name | Entity Number | Description |
|---|
< | < | < | Less than |
> | > | > | Greater than |
& | & | & | Ampersand |
" | " | " | Double quote |
' | ' | ' | Single quote / apostrophe |
Common Symbols
| Character | Entity Name | Entity Number | Description |
|---|
| | |   | Non-breaking space |
| © | © | © | Copyright |
| ® | ® | ® | Registered trademark |
| ™ | ™ | ™ | Trademark |
| § | § | § | Section sign |
| ¶ | ¶ | ¶ | Paragraph sign |
| ° | ° | ° | Degree |
| · | · | · | Middle dot |
| • | • | • | Bullet |
| … | … | … | Horizontal ellipsis |
| « | « | « | Left guillemet |
| » | » | » | Right guillemet |
| † | † | † | Dagger |
| ‡ | ‡ | ‡ | Double dagger |
| ‰ | ‰ | ‰ | Per mille |
Quotation Marks and Dashes
| Character | Entity Name | Entity Number | Description |
|---|
| ‘ | ‘ | ‘ | Left single quote |
| ’ | ’ | ’ | Right single quote / apostrophe |
| “ | “ | “ | Left double quote |
| ” | ” | ” | Right double quote |
| – | – | – | En dash (ranges: 1-10) |
| — | — | — | Em dash (parenthetical) |
| − | − | − | Minus sign |
| | ­ | ­ | Soft hyphen |
Currency Symbols
| Character | Entity Name | Entity Number | Description |
|---|
| $ | $ | $ | Dollar |
| € | € | € | Euro |
| £ | £ | £ | Pound sterling |
| ¥ | ¥ | ¥ | Yen / Yuan |
| ¢ | ¢ | ¢ | Cent |
| ¤ | ¤ | ¤ | General currency |
| ₹ | — | ₹ | Indian Rupee |
| ₱ | — | ₱ | Philippine Peso |
| ₩ | — | ₩ | Korean Won |
| ₾ | — | ₾ | Georgian Lari |
Math Operators
| Character | Entity Name | Entity Number | Description |
|---|
| + | + | + | Plus |
| − | − | − | Minus |
| × | × | × | Multiplication |
| ÷ | ÷ | ÷ | Division |
| = | = | = | Equals |
| ≠ | ≠ | ≠ | Not equal |
| < | < | < | Less than |
| > | > | > | Greater than |
| ≤ | ≤ | ≤ | Less than or equal |
| ≥ | ≥ | ≦ | Greater than or equal |
| ± | ± | ± | Plus-minus |
| ² | ² | ² | Superscript 2 (squared) |
| ³ | ³ | ³ | Superscript 3 (cubed) |
| ½ | ½ | ½ | One half |
| ¼ | ¼ | ¼ | One quarter |
| ¾ | ¾ | ¾ | Three quarters |
| ∞ | ∞ | ∞ | Infinity |
| ∑ | ∑ | ∑ | Summation |
| ∏ | ∏ | ∏ | Product |
| √ | √ | √ | Square root |
| ∫ | ∫ | ∫ | Integral |
| ƒ | ƒ | ƒ | Function (italic f) |
| ∂ | ∂ | ∂ | Partial differential |
| ∇ | ∇ | ∇ | Nabla / Del |
| ∅ | ∅ | ∅ | Empty set |
| ∈ | ∈ | ∈ | Element of |
| ∉ | ∉ | ∉ | Not element of |
| ⊂ | ⊂ | ⊂ | Subset |
| ⊃ | ⊃ | ⊃ | Superset |
| ∩ | ∩ | ∩ | Intersection |
| ∪ | ∪ | ∪ | Union |
| ∧ | ∧ | ∧ | Logical AND |
| ∨ | ∨ | ∨ | Logical OR |
| ∴ | ∴ | ∴ | Therefore |
| ∼ | ∼ | ∼ | Tilde / similar to |
| ≈ | ≈ | ≈ | Approximately equal |
Arrows
| Character | Entity Name | Entity Number | Description |
|---|
| ← | ← | ← | Left arrow |
| ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | Up arrow |
| → | → | → | Right arrow |
| ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | Down arrow |
| ↔ | ↔ | ↔ | Left-right arrow |
| ⇐ | ⇐ | ⇐ | Left double arrow |
| ⇒ | ⇒ | ⇒ | Right double arrow |
| ⇔ | ⇔ | ⇔ | Left-right double arrow |
| ↵ | ↵ | ↵ | Carriage return arrow |
Accented Characters (Common)
| Character | Entity Name | Entity Number | Description |
|---|
| À | À | À | A grave |
| Á | Á | Á | A acute |
| Â | Â | Â | A circumflex |
| Ã | Ã | Ã | A tilde |
| Ä | Ä | Ä | A umlaut |
| Ç | Ç | Ç | C cedilla |
| È | È | È | E grave |
| É | É | É | E acute |
| Ñ | Ñ | Ñ | N tilde |
| Ö | Ö | Ö | O umlaut |
| Ü | Ü | Ü | U umlaut |
| ß | ß | ß | Sharp s (German) |
| à | à | à | a grave |
| á | á | á | a acute |
| é | é | é | e acute |
| ñ | ñ | ñ | n tilde |
| ö | ö | ö | o umlaut |
| ü | ü | ü | u umlaut |
Greek Letters (Common)
| Character | Entity Name | Entity Number |
|---|
| Α / α | Α / α | Α / α |
| Β / β | Β / β | Β / β |
| Γ / γ | Γ / γ | Γ / γ |
| Δ / δ | Δ / δ | Δ / δ |
| Π / π | Π / π | Π / π |
| Σ / σ | Σ / σ | Σ / σ |
| Ω / ω | Ω / ω | Ω / ω |
| Θ / θ | Θ / θ | Θ / θ |
| Λ / λ | Λ / λ | Λ / λ |
| Φ / φ | Φ / φ | Φ / φ |
Look up any entity with the HTML Entities Reference tool, or encode/decode HTML with HTML Encode/Decode.